Which of the following is NOT included in mathematical and engineering models for fire investigations?

Mathematical and engineering models for fire investigations rely on quantifiable data and scientific principles to analyze fire behavior, its impact on structures, and the subsequent investigation processes.

Heat transfer models focus on how heat moves through materials, which is crucial for understanding fire dynamics and how different materials respond to temperature changes. Hydraulic analysis is vital for evaluating how water is applied to extinguish fires, considering factors like pressure and flow rates. Structural analysis examines the integrity of buildings and other structures during and after a fire to determine how they performed under fire conditions.

In contrast, personal testimony analysis does not fit into the category of mathematical and engineering models. It relies on subjective accounts from witnesses rather than objective, quantifiable data. While personal testimony can provide valuable context and insights, it does not involve the scientific modeling used in fire investigations, making it the correct choice as the option not included in these models.