What distinguishes a fact witness from an expert witness?

A fact witness is distinguished primarily by their role in legal proceedings. Their testimony is limited to what they have directly observed or experienced, providing statements of fact without interpretation or personal opinion. This is vital, as the purpose of fact witnesses is to establish a factual basis for the case, making their firsthand accounts essential for understanding the circumstances surrounding an event.

The integrity of their testimony relies on their ability to recount facts as they know them without delving into speculation or opinion. This approach ensures that the court receives clear, unembellished information, which helps to contextualize the events in question.

On the other hand, expert witnesses possess specialized knowledge, skill, or experience that allows them to offer opinions based on the facts presented. Their role is to help clarify complex subjects and provide insights that may be beyond the grasp of a layperson, which is fundamentally different from the role of a fact witness.