What defines a dead load in building construction?

A dead load in building construction refers to the weight of all permanent structural components that are stationary and do not change over time. This includes items such as the weight of the building's walls, floors, roofs, and any other permanently attached elements. The defining characteristic of a dead load is that these weights are constant, providing a stable force on the structure.

In contrast, the weight of moveable objects like furniture corresponds to live loads, which can change and vary over time. The category involving elements that can change over time highlights the dynamic nature of live loads, making them distinct from dead loads. Additionally, non-load bearing walls, while part of the overall structure, may not contribute significantly to supporting the building and can also be considered a part of the live load in some contexts since they can be removed without compromising structural integrity.

Thus, the weight of things permanently attached to the building accurately captures the essence of dead loads, making this option the correct choice.