In terms of ventilation techniques, what two configurations are commonly referred to?

In fire investigation and firefighting, the two commonly referred configurations for ventilation techniques are horizontal and vertical. Horizontal ventilation involves the movement of smoke, heat, and toxic gases out of a structure through openings such as windows and doors, allowing fresh air to replace the displaced air. This method is typically used in situations where smoke and heat are being pushed outwards rather than upwards, and it helps to lower the heat levels and improve visibility for both firefighters and potential victims inside.

Vertical ventilation, on the other hand, entails creating openings in the roof or higher sections of a structure, allowing smoke and heat to rise and escape directly upward. This technique is particularly effective in structures with significant heat buildup, as it allows for the faster removal of these byproducts of combustion, aiding in both the safety of occupants and the effectiveness of fire suppression efforts.

Understanding these configurations is crucial for fire investigators and firefighters alike, as they affect how fire spreads within a structure and how effectively it can be controlled.